Non-QM

Non-QM home loans.
For income that tax returns miss.

A non-QM home loan is a mortgage that verifies your ability to repay with something other than tax returns: bank deposits, a rental's income, liquid assets or an accountant's statement. It suits self-employed borrowers, investors and foreign nationals whose real income does not show on paper. Pricing is higher than conventional; the documentation is different, not absent.

3-minute form. A soft-credit rate estimate.

Last updated: October 2026

No tax returns
On most programs
Any occupancy
Program dependent
40+
Lender network

Non-QM is a catch-all name for a group of programs that have very little in common except that conventional underwriting would decline the borrower for the wrong reason. A dentist with three years of heavy equipment write-offs, an investor with eleven doors, a buyer from abroad: each needs a different program. This page sorts them so you can find yours, and every program links to its own page with the detail.

Who it's for

A fit if you're…

  • Self-employed, with write-offs that shrink taxable income
  • A real estate investor who wants to qualify on rent
  • Holding significant assets but irregular income
  • Buying in the US from abroad, without a US credit history
  • Recovering from a credit event that conventional rules still count against you

Bank statement income

12 or 24 months of deposits stand in for tax returns.

Rental income only

DSCR loans qualify the property on its rent, with no personal income at all.

Alternative income documents

1099s, an accountant's profit and loss statement, or an employer verification form.

Foreign nationals

US property financing with no US credit file on select programs.

LLC closings

Investor programs close in an entity with a personal guarantee.

Placed to the right lender

Non-QM rules differ more between lenders than conventional ones do. We compare across our 40+ network.

Non-QM home loan programs

Pick the program by how your income shows up, not by the label. If the money arrives as deposits into your accounts, start with bank statements. If the property itself pays the mortgage, start with DSCR. If you have 1099s or an accountant who will prepare a profit and loss statement, start with no income verification.

See My Non-QM Options

How non-QM income is calculated

Each program has its own arithmetic. Bank statement loans average your deposits and apply an expense factor. DSCR loans divide the rent by the payment. Asset-based programs divide eligible assets over a set number of months to create a monthly figure. The example below shows how the same borrower can look very different depending on which documents the lender reads.

Illustrative example only

Round numbers, chosen to show the math rather than to reflect any particular lender or file. Your figures, program and pricing will differ.

Illustrative qualifying income for one self-employed borrower under two methods
ItemTax returns24 months of bank statements
What the lender readsNet income after write-offsAverage deposits, 50% expense factor
Annual figure$72,000$300,000 in deposits
Monthly qualifying income$6,000$12,500

Same business, same year. The tax return is doing its job by keeping taxable income low; the bank statement method reads the cash the business actually produces.

For illustration only. Not a commitment to lend, a rate lock or an offer of credit. Terms vary by lender, by property and by file.

See what you qualify for

What does not change

Non-QM changes how income is proven, not whether it is. Lenders still pull credit, verify the down payment and reserves, appraise the property and check that the payment is affordable. Files with unexplained large deposits, mixed business and personal banking, or no clear paper trail for funds to close take longer, whichever program you choose.

  • Credit is reviewed on every program, with alternative credit for some foreign nationals
  • Reserves are commonly required, often more than on conventional loans
  • An appraisal values the property on purchases and most refinances
  • Standard mortgage disclosures and a loan estimate apply
Talk to a loan specialist

Things to weigh

  • Pricing on non-QM loans is higher than on conventional loans with the same leverage and credit.
  • Investor non-QM loans often carry a prepayment penalty. Owner-occupied ones usually do not.
  • Expense factors, reserve rules and credit minimums vary more between non-QM lenders than between conventional lenders, so where the file is placed matters.
  • If your tax returns already support the loan you need, conventional financing is usually cheaper. We will tell you if that is the case.
  • Terms are available across our lender network and vary by file. Nothing here is a commitment to lend.
FAQ

Questions buyers actually ask

What is a non-QM home loan?+

A non-QM loan is a mortgage that falls outside the Qualified Mortgage rules that most conventional and government loans follow. In practice, it means the lender can verify income in other ways, such as bank deposits, rental income or assets, instead of relying only on tax returns and a standard debt-to-income test. The lender still has to confirm you can repay.

Who are non-QM loans for?+

Mostly self-employed borrowers whose tax returns understate their income, real estate investors who want to qualify on rent, borrowers with large assets but irregular income, foreign nationals without a US credit history, and people with a credit event too recent for conventional guidelines.

Are non-QM loans safe?+

Non-QM does not mean subprime or unregulated. Lenders must still make a reasonable, good-faith determination that you can repay, and the loans carry the same consumer disclosures as any mortgage. What changes is how income is documented. Pricing is typically higher than conventional to reflect that.

What credit score do I need for a non-QM home loan?+

It varies by program. Some programs in our lender network start at 620, and a few consider lower scores with compensating factors. Foreign national programs may use alternative credit instead of a US score. Higher scores generally mean better pricing and more leverage.

How much down payment does a non-QM loan need?+

Commonly 10% to 25%, depending on the program, credit and occupancy. Bank statement loans for a primary home can go to higher leverage on select programs, while DSCR and foreign national loans usually need more down. Larger down payments improve pricing on almost every program.

Are non-QM mortgage rates higher than conventional?+

Generally, yes, because the lender is accepting alternative documentation and cannot sell the loan to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. We do not publish rates. Pricing depends on the program, credit, leverage, property and loan size, and a fit check shows real numbers.

Can I refinance out of a non-QM loan later?+

Yes, and many borrowers plan for it. Once your tax returns catch up with your income, or a credit event ages out, a conventional refinance may be cheaper. Check the prepayment penalty first: many investor non-QM loans have one, while most owner-occupied ones do not.

Is there a non-QM home equity loan?+

On select programs. Some lenders offer second liens and lines of credit documented with bank statements or other alternative income, for borrowers who want to keep a low-rate first mortgage. Availability and leverage are narrower than on first mortgages.

Find the program that reads your income right.

A 3-minute application. A soft-credit rate estimate. We structure and place your file with the lender that fits it.